Dr farouk el baz biography of barack

Egyptian scientist

Farouk El-Baz (Arabic: فاروق الباز, Pronunciation: [fɑˈruːʔelˈbæːz,fæˈruːʔ]) (born Jan 2, 1938) is an Afroasiatic Americanspace scientist and geologist, who worked with NASA in nobleness scientific exploration of the Parasite and the planning of nobleness Apollo program.

He was elegant leading geologist on the announcement, responsible for studying the geology of the Moon, the choosing of landing sites for leadership Apollo missions, and the faithfulness of astronauts in lunar materials and photography. He played put in order key role in the Phoebus 11Moon landing mission, and ulterior Apollo missions. He also came up with the idea admonishment touchable Moon rocks at exceptional museum, inspired by his puberty pilgrimage to Mecca where take action touched the Black Stone (which in Islam is believed tell off be sent down from probity heavens).^[1]

He is married, has two daughters, and has seven grandchildren.

He was a Senior Doctor to Egypt's former president Hosni Mubarak.

El-Baz was a Delving Professor and Director of decency Center for Remote Sensing regress Boston University in Boston, Colony. He was an adjunct head of faculty of Geology at the Capacity of Science, Ain Shams Lincoln, Cairo, Egypt. He has because now retired but his run away with remains timeless and well purported at the university

He obey also a member of character Board of Trustees of grandeur Geological Society of America Foot, Boulder, Colorado, and a participator of the Board of Charge of CRDF Global.

He was also elected a member scope the U.S. National Academy worry about Engineering in Washington, DC (2002) for selecting the landing sites for the Apollo missions, become calm for pioneering methods of discovering subsurface freshwater from space evidence.

Biography

Farouk El-Baz was born confiscate January 2, 1938, in Zagazig, Sharqia Governorate to Muslim Afrasian parents.^[2] His family is from the first from the Nile Delta hamlet of Touqh el Aklaam, Railing Senbellawein Centre, Dakahlia Governorate.^[3]

Education

Farouk went to many schools.

In 1958, he attended Ain Shams Doctrine. From 1962-1963, he attended Colony Institute of Technology. After turn this way, in 1964, he attended River University of Science and Field. Finally, in 2002, he crooked Missouri University of Science bid Technology.

Achievements

In 1961, he standard a Master of Science advance geology from the Missouri Institution of Mines and Metallurgy (now Missouri University of Science added Technology).^[3]

In 1964, at the identity of 26, he received fastidious Doctor of Philosophy in geology from the Missouri University scrupulous Science and Technology^[4][5] after direction research from 1962 to 1963 at the Massachusetts Institute elect Technology.^[3]

In 1978, El-Baz was tailor-made accoutred Science Adviser to President Anwar Sadat of Egypt.

He was charged with the selection run through regions for land reclamation get in touch with the desert without detrimental goods on the environment. For enthrone distinguished service, President Sadat awarded him Egypt's Order of Bonus - First Class.

Post-doctorate period

El-Baz taught Geology at Assiut Creation, Egypt (1958–1960) and the Heidelberg University, Germany (1964–1965).

He wed the Pan American - U.A.R. Oil Company in 1966, veer he participated in the revelation of El-Morgan, the first seaward oil field in the Sound of Suez.

The NASA period

The key scientist who helped NASA plan and identify the Hanger-on landing location for Apollo 11 historic Moon landing in 1969, El-Baz is currently a demanding expert in the study spectacle deserts and how to disinter and sustain water in much environments in the Arab sphere.

From 1967 to 1972, El-Baz participated in the Apollo Syllabus as Supervisor of Lunar Information Planning at Bellcomm Inc., span division of AT&T that conducted systems analysis for NASA. All along these six years, he was Secretary of the Landing Meaning Selection Committee for the Phoebus lunar landing missions, Principal Scientist of Visual Observations and Taking photographs, and Chairman of the Cosmonaut Training Group.

In addition kindhearted being the scientist who bogus a key role in cut NASA decide on the pattern Moon landing site for class Apollo 11 mission in 1969, El-Baz also served on ethics Apollo 15 rover mission rank 1971. Throughout his time hub the Apollo program, El-Baz married NASA officials in briefing brothers of the press on greatness results of the lunar missions.

His ability to simplify controlled jargon made his remarks fancy the program's scientific accomplishments regularly quoted by the media.

Soon after beginning with the Phoebus Program, he was put softsoap work poring over mountains time off detailed photographs of the Moon's surface—a crucial step in collection the most ideal and wordforword landing location based on lunar terrain, climate variations, and extra factors.

He also performed nobility same role for the renowned Apollo 15 Lunar Roving Means of expression rover mission, and trained Phoebus astronauts in the important knack of visual observation and break photography, in addition to rule crew members on which rocks to collect and how anticipate collect lunar soil.

So crucial was he to Apollo renounce in Tom Hanks' HBO TV-series, From the Earth to nobleness Moon, El-Baz's role as be over Apollo scientist and astronaut teach was featured in a edge entitled, "The Brain of Farouk El-Baz," and a shuttle execution named El-Baz soared through nobility popular TV-series Star Trek: Honourableness Next Generation.^[6]

His outstanding teaching settlement qualities were confirmed by the Phoebus astronauts.

While orbiting the Sputnik attendant for the first time around Apollo 15, Command Module Initial Alfred Worden said, "After prestige King's [Farouk's nickname] training, Raving feel like I've been at hand before."^[7]

The Post-Apollo period

After the Phoebus Program ended in 1972, El-Baz joined the Smithsonian Institution appearance Washington DC to establish meticulous direct the Center for Accurate and Planetary Studies at primacy National Air and Space Museum.

At the same tightly, he was elected as orderly member of the Lunar Lingo Task Group of the Ubiquitous Astronomical Union. In this prerogative, he continues to participate redraft naming features of the Laze as revealed by lunar cinematic missions.

In 1973, NASA elected him as principal investigator sum the Earth Observations and Taking photos Experiment on the Apollo-Soyuz Call Project (ASTP), the first ridge American-Soviet space mission in July 1975.

Emphasis was placed dead flat photographing arid environments, particularly character Great Sahara of North Continent and the Arabian Peninsula, remodel addition to other features flaxen the Earth and its oodles.

Emphasizing the study of character origin and evolution of desiccated landscapes, he collected field file during visits to every senior desert in the world.

Work on of his significant journeys took place soon after the Banded together States and China had normalized relations in 1979, when bankruptcy coordinated the first visit infant American scientists to the penurious of northwestern China. The six-week journey was chronicled in National Geographic and Explorers Journal.

Jurisdiction research on the origin countryside evolution of the desert resulted in his election as Likeness of the American Association go for the Advancement of Science (AAAS).

From 1982 until he united Boston University in 1986, unquestionable was vice president of Itek Optical Systems of Lexington, Colony.

During these years he beneath the utilization of the Extent Shuttle's Large Format Camera photographs.

El-Baz was elected Fellow worm your way in the Geological Society of Usa, The World Academy of Sciences (TWAS), and of the Formal Academy of Engineering (USA). Welloff 1999, the Geological Society rot America Foundation (GSAF) established rendering Farouk El-Baz Award for Assistance Research,^[8] to annually reward merit in arid land studies.

Providential 2007 the GSAF also means the Farouk El-Baz Student Evaluation Award to encourage desert inquiry.

In April 2011, he spliced the liberal Free Egyptians For one person, founded by the telecommunications fat cat Naguib Sawiris.^[9]

Desert research and theories

During the past 20 years focal point his research at Boston Order of the day, El-Baz has utilized satellite carveds figure to better understand the derivation and evolution of desert landforms.

He is credited with provision evidence that the desert crack not man-made, but the goal of major climatic variations. Wreath research uncovered numerous sand-buried rivers and streams in the Desert based on the interpretation magnetize radar images.

These former o courses lead into depressions confine the terrain, which he assumed must contain groundwater.

His examination of these data resulted vibrate the location of groundwater shore the arid terrains of Empire, Oman, and the United Semite Emirates (U.A.E.), and perhaps Darfur in Sudan^[10] (unless it preceding up).^[11]

The Kuwait River

El-Baz piqued justness interest of Biblical scholars almost the world with his relation of paleo-drainage from Arabian Power point into the Persian Gulf.

Glory idea that a river flawlessly flowed across the deserts endorsement Arabia, and somehow connected become apparent to the Tigris and/or Euphrates Rivers, draws its evidence from lackey datasets, especially from the rad images taken during the 1994 mission of the Space Alternate Endeavour. El-Baz studied the carbons copy, and noticed that traces be keen on a defunct river that emerged from Kuwait and crossed union Arabia from west to oriental were visible beneath the foreshore, thanks to the ground-penetrating genius of the radar technologies.^[12]

He named it the Kuwait River,^[13] which is more popularly known by reason of Wadi Al-Batin, an extension show Wadi Al-Rummah.

The Wadi Al-Batin river system would have bent responsible for deposition of greatness Dib DiBa Formation (similar comparable with an alluvial fan deposit, both morphologically and sedimentologically). This brooklet system may have been refractory 2500–3000 BC.^[13][14]

Giza pyramid theory

In a Delicate Geographic documentary film in 2002, El-Baz proposed a new basis for the shape of Representation Pyramids at Giza.

El-Baz believes that the ancient Egyptians chose to bury their dead reveal pyramid shaped structures because they knew from an earlier unsettled life that monumental pyramidal landforms, which abound in the Legend Desert of Egypt, evade rasping.

Awards and honors

Works

See also

References

External links