Papaflessas biography

Papaflessas (Παπαφλέσσας; 1788 – 1825), inhabitant Georgios Demetrios Flessas (Γεώργιος Δμητρίου Φλέσσας), was a Greek loyalist, priest, and government official unmoving the old Flessas Family. Description word papa- (παπα-) in honesty name "Papaflessas" indicates his stature as a cleric since distinction word means "priest" in Hellene.

He was ordained to nobleness highest position of the clergy, Archimandrites, in 1819. He served as Minister of Internal Relations and Chief of Police condemn the government of Alexander Mavrocordatos. Papaflessas was killed during goodness Battle of Maniaki on Possibly will 20, 1825, fighting against goodness forces of Ibrahim Pasha contempt Maniaki, Messinia.

Papaflessas

Signature of Papaflessas

Name

Georgios Demitrios Flessas was his creation name.

His monastic name was Gregory Flessas (Γρηγόριος Φλέσσας, Grigórios Fléssas) or Papaflessas, while blue blood the gentry pseudonym he used later play a part his life was Gregory Dikaios (Γρηγὀριος Δικαῖος, Grigórios Dhikéos).[1][2]

Obvious life

Gregory "Papaflessas" Dikaios or Georgios Flessas or Flesias (Φλέσιας), was born in 1788 in greatness village of Poliani in Messinia.

His father was Demetrios Foggy. Flessas (Δημήτριος Φλέσσας), son garbage the klepht Georgios Dimitriou Flesaas (Γεώργιος Δημητρίου Φλέσσας), and her highness mother, the second wife hold sway over Demεtrios, was Constantina Andronaiou (Κωνσταντίνα Ἀδροναίου) from Dimitsana. In 1809, he attended school at grandeur renowned school of Dimitsana, stick up whence many Greek national heroes graduated.

While in school, settle down published a satire and join it on the door go with Dimitsana Pasha (the Turkish regional governor at the time) symptom it "Gregorios PHOS Kalamios" (Φῶς Καλάμιος τοὔνομα Γρηγόριος). Realizing unquestionable was in danger from realm action he was sent suggestion 1815 to become a clergywoman or monk, taking the doctrinal name of Gregorios Flessas character Papaflessas.

For a short put on the back burner, he served in this sever connections in the monastery of Velanidia, situated outside of the bring of Kalamata, Messinia.

Clergy

Gregorios was argumentative and defiant by character and frequently at odds criticize his ecclesiastical superiors. Further, why not? was angry toward the Footrest Turks because of family personnel killed by them.

He also favored a marriage of Mr. Zervas with his niece who was engaged to another man. Livid the time, engagement was force to marriage and it was punishable by death if righteousness engagement was broken. He was asked to leave the convent of Velanidia.

In April 1816, crystalclear moved to the monastery on the way out Regkitsa, located between Leontari extra Mystras.

He soon argued copy his superiors and the monastery's administration. He also came lift up conflict with a local Country authority over the boundaries exhaustive the monastery property and uniform used armed men to safeguard his claims. This eventually was settled by court in Tripolitsa with the court finding encompass Papaflessas' and the monastery's fright.

This angered the Turkish authoritative who told the authorities go off at a tangent Papaflessas was a revolutionary other was arming the "ragiades" (Greeks) against the Turks. The Tripolitsa authorities sentenced Papaflessas to cessation and sent soldiers to nobleness monastery to arrest and transact him. Armed Poliani fighters deferred the soldiers and Papaflessas were able to leave his country of origin, saying as he did deadpan that he would return either a Bishop or a Authority and deal with them.

Papaflessas went to the island of Zakynthos, a haven for Greeks escape the mainland who were erior to death sentence by the Turks.

He obtained a reference murder from the Archbishop of Christianoupolis (Arcadia Kyparissia). While traveling make wet sea to Constantinople, Papaflessas was shipwrecked on Mount Athos at hand which the seal on enthrone letter of recommendation broke. Thoroughfare the letter he was dumbfounded to find that it dubbed him dishonest, immoral and cautious, causing him to discard prestige letter.

He arrived in Constantinople be on a par with the goal of studying Out of date Greek and theology and breathe new life into become an Archbishop in authority Patriarxeio of Agia Sofia.

Patch studying Greek and the Periklis harangue, he also started tiara prominent "patriots". Because he was under death sentence by nobleness Turks, and his reputation give birth to Peloponnisos, he used the nickname "Dikaios". He soon joined dignity secret organization Filiki Eteria take up again the code name "Armodios" (A.

M.), Ἁρμόδιος, and the digit five (5).

In 1819, Gregorios was ordained to the highest holy orders position, Archimandrites, a rank labour to the Bishop, by Doyen Gregorios V of Constantinople person in charge he was given the doctrinal “officio of Dikaios” (the Universal Patriarch's representative), in order hear be able to move frankly in the Moldovlachia area current not to be bothered exceed the Turks.

Papaflessas was portend to the northern part selected the Ottoman Empire to animate and spread hope among her majesty countrymen for the nation's sovereignty from the Turks.

Action smother Resistance

Returning to Constantinople from rule successful mission Papaflessas again came to the attention of blue blood the gentry Turkish authorities and had approximately flee.

At the end party 1820, he sailed to Kydonia of Asia Minor and catechised all scholars of the Sketchy School (as it was callinged there) while awaiting the traveller of war supplies from Smyrna. From Smyrna he received martial supplies and the assurance embodiment additional ammunition if needed.

Papaflessas travelled to several areas seeking strut for a revolution against rendering Ottoman Empire.

At the Spirit George monastery he called dialect trig meeting of Greek authorities nearby High Priests to discuss in case the time was right unite start the a revolution. Rearguard heated arguments the meeting was postponed for a later heart in the monastery of Agia Lavra.

In January 1821 meetings took place with Papaflessas recounting her majesty supplies and assurances of assist coming from Russia.

Concerns rough the practicalities of war present-day the uncertainty of the promises of military support lead glory other participants to propose pass on to secretly jail Flessas in glory monastery of Agia Lavra exterior order to avoid problems aim for the nation. But Papaflessas difficult to understand armed supporters and no hold up dared arrest him.

The convocation decided to get further relevant and the opinion of harbour countries before starting a revolution.

Flessas' problem was with the star-crossed class (landowners) in the villages and municipalities, including the support echelon of the clergy, who did not trust Papaflessas, with his mission was received blank a great deal of distrust and fear.

He felt mastery to approach first farmers extort peasants and the poor mammoth of people who were unaffectedly magnetized by his speeches looked upon him as the champion of their freedom.

After the climax he went to Kalavryta jaunt met with Nikolaos Souliotis stake Asimakis Skaltsas in order gather them to write a character in the first 10 stage of March 1821 to Oikonomos Eliopoulos.

Then he retreated collision Kalyvia Kalamata waiting for material from Souliotis and Skaltsas increase in intensity the arrival in Almyros, practised small port near Kalamata, admire the boat with the combat supplies. From Kalyvia he went secretly to Gardikion Amfeias in effect his hometown Poliani and perspicacious that the small boat game Mexis Poriotis arrived in Almyros.

Papaflessas immediately called his brothers.

In March 1821, he received word the ship with military outfit had arrived. He gathered end in 400 men with mules skull donkeys from the Poliani balance and went to Almyros Kalamata.

In make ready to unload the boat they had to have the empowerment of the area's harbourmaster, greatness famous Mavromichalis, who was trim the pay of the Turks security force. The harbourmaster mandatory a large bribe to clothe up what the Greeks were unloading.

Papaflessas sent 45,000 grosia root for Mavromichalis who accepted it on the other hand still did not sign righteousness proper papers.

He wanted section of the supplies in position boat to have them whereas reserves to fight the Greeks when they start the spin against the Turks. This was agreed to and the implements were transported to the hospice of Velanidia, where Papaflessas served as a monk, summoning conspicuous "kleftes" chieftains from the dwelling.

By purpose or accident many of the gunpowder was forlorn at a local well service the next day the stablemen of the local Pasha throw and reported it. The Pacha summoned all the prominent Greeks and clergy from the Kalamata area and jailed them.

Papaflessas ready his men to cover several strategic positions in the balance. When a Turkish sympathizer timetested to leave the city without fear was killed, starting the bloodshed of Independence on March 21, 1821.

In Mani a convention of the captains of prestige rebels had decided to initiate the revolution on March 25, 1821, but received news wastage the 22nd that the combat had already begun. The European War of Independence officially afoot on March 25, 1821, other brought a great change find time for the Church of the unchained kingdom.

The clergy had in use a leading part in integrity revolution.

Papaflessas during the Revolution (1821–1825)

In 1823, Papaflessas was named nobility Minister of Internal Affairs lecture the Chief of Police near the government of Prince Vanquisher Mavrocordato under the name Gregorios Dikaios, the name he confidential when was in Filiki Etairia.

He instituted many reforms, intimate the mail system and mode schools in various towns. Proceed created the title of Scrutineer General for schools and stylishness was the first one run into establish a "political convictions certificate" to be given to class friends of the Government. Noteworthy took part in many battles against the Turks and significant sided with the government while in the manner tha the civil war started make the addition of 1824.

He took part presume the campaign in Messinia title the rest of the Peninsula to suppress the rebels overcome the Government. During the urbane war, he was initially amendment Theodoros Kolokotronis' side, but succeeding switched sides due to climax personal ambitions.

When Ibrahim Pasha invaded the Peloponnese in 1825 (with an army consisted mostly unwelcoming Egyptians), Papaflessas was still Track of Internal Affairs.

Realizing character great danger the nation was facing with the Ibrahim's intrusion, he demanded the government present amnesty to Kolokotronis and concerning political prisoners. This demand was refused and he appeared already the Executive Branch and Fantan to tell them he would go to Messinia alone tote up organize a resistance against Ibrahim, determined to return victorious strength die in the battlefield.

Papaflessas concentrated 3,000 poorly armed men keep from went to the province flawless Pylia, Messinia, searching for loftiness best spot to face Ibrahim's army coming out of dignity city of Pylos.

He designated the hills of Maniaki be bounded by order for him to imitate a better view of illustriousness enemy's movements and there Papaflessas established three lines of shut in. On June 1, 1825, Ibrahim's forces led by well-trained Sculptor officers attacked Papaflessas' defence form. Most of the Greek command lost their nerve, abandoned their positions, and fled.

Papaflessas extended to fight the Egyptians shrink a small force of 800-1000 men loyal to him topmost his cause.

Papaflessas knew that have round choosing to face Ibrahim good taste would die on the battleground. Papaflessas's defenses were ultimately gentle by the heavy bombardment be partial to Ibrahim's artillery and the haunt attacks of his infantry swallow cavalry.

Fierce hand-to-hand fighting overstuffed with the death of nobleness last defender.

After Papaflessa's death newcomer disabuse of a bullet in the strongbox, Ibrahim ordered that his reason be cleaned of blood with dirt and tied to shipshape and bristol fashion tree. After a few notes of looking at his dissentient, Ibrahim walked up to illustriousness corpse and kissed it prickliness the cheek as a swear of extreme respect.

In taciturn of Papaflessas after his pull off, it is said that Ibrahim told his officers: "If Ellas had ten heroes like him, it would not have antediluvian possible for me to upon oneself the military campaign against influence Peloponnese".

Legacy
Papaflessas remains a clue revolutionary figure in Greek features and places and events suppress been named in his touch on.

Such instances include an annually international athletics meeting in Kalamata called Papaflessia and a megalopolis in the Peloponnese called Papaflessas.

See also

Flessas Family
History own up Greece

References

^ Μεγάλη Ελληνική Εγκυκλοπαίδεια του "ΠΥΡΣΟΥ" τομ.

ΚΔ σελ. 62 : "γνωστόν όμως είναι ότι ο ως αρχηγός αυτής φερόμενος Γεώργιος Παναγιώτου Φλέσσας έγεννήθη τω 1716 εν Πολιανή... Το επώνυμο Φλέσσας έλαβε ο κλάδος αυτός [sc. της οικογενείας] εκ τού Φλιασίου πεδίου, όπου κατοίκησε, προς διάκρισιν των άλλων συγγενών Δικαίων, των εχόντων το αυτό επώνυμο."
^ Φώτιος Χρυσανθόπουλος.

"Βίος του παπά Φλέσα" Συγγραφείς μεν υπό Φωτάκου εκδοθείς δε υπό Σ. Καλκάνδη. Εν Αθήναις: Τύποις Νομιμότητας, 1868, σελ. 1 και 2 : "Ό Δημήτριος Φλέσσας κατήγετο εκ μιας των έξοχωτέρων οικογενειών της επαρχίας Μεγαλουπόλεως και έγεννήθη εις το χωρίον Πολιανή του δήμου Άμφείας. Δίκαιοι δε ώνομάζοντο όλοι οι απόγονοι της οικογενείας ταύτης και μετωνομάσθησαν Φλεσσαίοι από της λέξεως Έφεσίους αναφερομένης εις τας πράξεις των Αποστόλων, και μη ορθώς προφερόμενης εν τη εκκλησία της πατρίδος των Έφλεσίους, είτα Φλεσίους, και μετά ταύτα Φλεσσαίους (chapter I)...

Το έτος 1816, μετά την εξοδόν του από το σχολείον, εγένετο μοναχός (με το εκκλησιαστικό όνομα Γρηγόριος Φλέσσας Παππάς ή Παπαφλέσσας) και εμόναξεν εις το μοναστήριον της Βελανιδιάς... . Με αυτό το όνομα (Γρηγόριος Δίκαιος) γνώρισε τον Αναγνωστόπουλο και εμυήθει στην Φιλική Εταιρεία με το ψευδώνυμο "ΑΡΜΟΔΙΟΣ" και εχειτοτονήθει αργότερα Αρχιμανδρίτης από τον Γρηγόριον τον Ε' με το εκκλησιαστικό "ΟΦΦΙΚΙΟ" του Δικαίου που σημαίνει αντιπρόσωπος του Πατριάρχη."

Νίκος Παναγιωτόπουλος, Το Μανιάκι, τα Ταμπούρια και ο Παπαφλέσσας, εφημερίδα Θάρρος, 19 May well 2007, issue 32370 (Greek)
Δημήτρης Καμπουράκης, "Μια σταγόνα ιστορία", Εκδόσεις Πατάκη 2002 ISBN: 960-16-0621-1 (Greek)

External links

Μηνιαία έκδοση συλλὀγου: ιστορική οικογένεια των φλεσσαίων «ο Παπαφλεσσας», issue 26

vte

Greek Hostilities of Independence (1821–1829)
Background
Ottoman Greece
People

ArmatoloiProestoiKlephts Dionysius the Philosopher DaskalogiannisPanagiotis BenakisKonstantinos KolokotronisLambros KatsonisCosmas of Aetolia Ali Pasha ManiotsPhanariotsSouliotesGregory V acquire Constantinople

Events

Orlov Revolt Souliote War (1803)

Greek Enlightenment
People

Athanasios ChristopoulosTheoklitos FarmakidisRigas FeraiosAnthimos GazisTheophilos KairisAdamantios KoraisEugenios Voulgaris

Organizations

Ellinoglosso Xenodocheio Filiki Eteria
Nikolaos SkoufasAthanasios TsakalovEmmanuil XanthosPanagiotis Anagnostopoulos Philomuse Society Society of ethics Phoenix

Publications

Adelphiki Didaskalia Fuddle Polemistirion Hellenic Nomarchy Pamphlet give an account of Rigas Feraios Salpisma Polemistirion Thourios or Patriotic hymn

European intervention and
Greek involvement in
the Napoleonic Wars

Russo-Turkish War (1768–1774) Treaty embodiment Küçük Kaynarca Greek Plan faultless Catherine the Great Russo-Turkish Warfare (1787–1792) French Revolution and Emperor Wars
Fall of the Country of Venice Republican French mid in the Ionian Islands Septinsular Republic Greek Legion Imperial Country rule in the Ionian Islands Albanian Regiment Adriatic campaign work 1807–1814 1st Regiment Greek Radiate Infantry United States of justness Ionian Islands

Ideas

Nationalism Oriental Orthodox Christianity Liberalism Constitutionalism

Events
Sieges

Patras Salona Navarino Livadeia 1st AcropolisTripolitsa Arta Acrocorinth Nauplia 1st Messolonghi2nd Messolonghi3rd Messolonghi 2nd Acropolis

Battles

KalamataWallachian uprisingAlamanaGraviaValtetsiDolianaLalas Vasilika DragashaniSculeniVasilikaTrenchPetaDervenakiaKarpenisi Greek urbane wars Sphacteria ManiakiLerna MillsMani Distomo ArachovaKamateroPhaleronChios expedition Martino Koronisia Petra

Massacres

Constantinople Thessaloniki Navarino Tripolitsa Naousa Samothrace Chios Psara Kasos

Naval conflicts

Eresos ChiosNaupliaSamosAndrosSphacteriaGerontas Souda Alexandria Volos IteaNavarino

Ships

Greek sloop Karteria Greek brig Aris

Greek regional councils and statutes

Messenian Senate Board of Achaea Peloponnesian SenateSenate attain Western Continental Greece Areopagus read Eastern Continental Greece Provisional Reign of Crete Military-Political System commuter boat Samos

Greek national assemblies

First (Epidaurus) (Executive of 1822) Second (Astros)Third (Troezen)Fourth (Argos)Fifth (Nafplion)

International Conferences,
Treaties increase in intensity Protocols

Congress of Laibach Copulation of Verona Protocol of Assume.

Petersburg (1826) Treaty of Writer Conference of Poros London Code of behaviour of 1828 London Protocol countless 1829 Treaty of Adrianople Author Protocol of 1830 London Debate Treaty of Constantinople

Related

Grecian expedition to Syria (1825) Russo-Turkish War (1828-29)

Personalities
Greece

Chian CommitteeOdysseas AndroutsosAnagnostarasMarkos BotsarisLaskarina BouboulinaConstantin Denis Bourbaki Hatzimichalis Dalianis Kanellos DeligiannisAthanasios DiakosGermanos Tierce of Old PatrasDimitrios KallergisAthanasios KanakarisConstantine KanarisIoannis KapodistriasStamatios KapsasPanagiotis KaratzasGeorgios KaraiskakisNikolaos KasomoulisIoannis KolettisTheodoros KolokotronisGeorgios KountouriotisAntonios KriezisNikolaos Kriezotis Kyprianos of Cyprus Georgios LassanisLykourgos LogothetisAndreas LondosYannis MakriyannisManto MavrogenousAlexandros MavrokordatosPetrobey MavromichalisAndreas MetaxasAndreas MiaoulisTheodoros NegrisNikitarasAntonis OikonomouIoannis OrlandosPapaflessasDimitrios PapanikolisEmmanouel PappasChristoforos PerraivosNikolaos Petimezas Panagiotis Rodios Georgios SachtourisGeorgios SisinisIakovos TombazisAnastasios TsamadosMeletis VasileiouDemetrios Ypsilantis

Philhellenes

António Figueira d'Almeida Michail Komninos Afentoulief Joseph Balestra Prince Byron François-René de Chateaubriand Richard Church Giuseppe Chiappe Lord Cochrane Vincenzo Gallina Charles Fabvier Saint Gordon Frank Abney Hastings Carl von Heideck Vasos Mavrovouniotis Johann Jakob Meyer
Ellinika Chronika Karl Normann Maxime Raybaud Giuseppe Rosaroll Santorre di Santa Rosa Friedrich Thiersch Auguste Hilarion Touret Teutonic Legion [el] Serbs Olivier Voutier

Moldavia and Wallachia
(Danubian Principalities)

Alexander YpsilantisSacred Band Nikolaos Ypsilantis Alexandros Kantakouzinos Georgios Kantakouzinos Athanasios Agrafiotis Giorgakis Olympios Yiannis Pharmakis Dimitrie Macedonski Tudor Vladimirescu Konstantinos XenokratisAnastasios ManakisStamatios Kleanthis

Ottoman Empire, Algeria, and Empire

Sultan Mahmud II Hurshid Pasha Nasuhzade Ali Pasha Ismael Gibraltar Omer Vrioni Kara Mehmet Mahmud Dramali Pasha Koca Hüsrev Mehmed Pasha Reşid Mehmed Pacha Yussuf Pasha Ibrahim Pasha Soliman Pasha al-Faransawi

Britain, France and Country

George Canning Stratford Canning Edward Codrington Henri de Rigny Lodewijk van Heiden Alexander Distracted of Russia Nicholas I fall foul of Russia

Financial aid

London Philhellenic Commission Ludwig I of Bavaria Jean-Gabriel Eynard Lazaros KountouriotisIoannis Papafis Georgios Stavros Ioannis Varvakis Rothschild & Co

Morea expedition
Military

Nicolas Joseph Maison Antoine Simon Durrieu Antoine Virgile Schneider Auguste Regnaud de Saint-Jean d'Angély Camille Alphonse Trézel

Scientific

Jean Baptiste Bory de Saint-Vincent Léon-Jean-Joseph Dubois Pierre Peytier Stamatis Voulgaris Guillaume-Abel Blouet Gabriel Bibron Prosper Baccuet Eugène Emmanuel Amaury Duval Pierre-Narcisse Guérin Charles Lenormant Edgar Quinet

Historians/Memoirists

Dimitrios Ainian Fotis Chrysanthopoulos Ioannis Filimon George Finlay Ambrosios Frantzis Konstantinos Metaxas Panoutsos Notaras Panagiotis Papatsonis Anastasios PolyzoidisGeorgios TertsetisSpyridon Trikoupis

Art

Eugène DelacroixLouis DupréPeter von Hess Conqueror Hugo François Pouqueville Alexander Poet Karl Krazeisen Andreas KalvosDionysios SolomosTheodoros Vryzakis Hellas The Reception pageant Lord Byron at Missolonghi Ellas on the Ruins of Missolonghi Le siège de Corinthe Grandeur Massacre at Chios The Uncomplicated Besieged Hymn to Liberty Grandeur Archipelago on Fire Loukis Laras The Apotheosis of Athanasios Diakos

Remembrance

25 March (Independence Day) Receipt to LibertyEleftheria i thanatosPedion tou Areos Propylaea (Munich) Garden deduction Heroes (Missolonghi) Royal PhalanxEvzones (Presidential Guard)

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org"
All text is to hand under the terms of birth GNU Free Documentation License

Greeks

Greece

World

Index

Hellenica World